a.Hệ thứ nhất kì quặc thật:

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{y^2+xy}+\sqrt{x+y}=\sqrt{x^2+y^2}+2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x^2+y^2}-\sqrt{y^2+xy}=\sqrt{x+y}-2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x\left(x-y\right)}{\sqrt{x^2+y^2}+\sqrt{y^2+xy}}=\dfrac{x+y-4}{\sqrt{x+y}+2}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y-4\right)=\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{x^2+y^2}+\sqrt{y^2+xy}}{x\sqrt{x+y}+2x}\right)\left(x+y-4\right)^2\ge0\) (1)

\(2.\dfrac{x}{2}\sqrt{y-1}+2.\dfrac{y}{2}\sqrt{x-1}\le\dfrac{x^2}{4}+y-1+\dfrac{y^2}{4}+x-1\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x^2+4y-4}{2}\le\dfrac{x^2+y^2+4x+4y-8}{4}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-y^2+4y-4x\le0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y-4\right)\le0\) (2)

(1);(2) \(\Rightarrow\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y-4\right)=0\)

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(x=y=2\)

b.

\(x^3-x^2y+2y^2-2xy=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(x-y\right)-2y\left(x-y\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-2y\right)\left(x-y\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow y=x\) (loại \(x^2-2y=0\) do ĐKXĐ \(x^2-2y-1\ge0\))

Thế vào pt dưới

\(2\sqrt{x^2-2x-1}+\sqrt[3]{x^3-14}=x-2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2\sqrt{x^2-2x-1}+\dfrac{x^3-14-\left(x-2\right)^3}{\sqrt[3]{\left(x^3-14\right)^2}+\left(x-2\right)\sqrt[3]{x^3-14}+\left(x-2\right)^2}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt[]{x^2-2x-1}\left(2+\dfrac{6\sqrt[]{x^2-2x-1}}{\sqrt[3]{\left(x^3-14\right)^2}+\left(x-2\right)\sqrt[3]{x^3-14}+\left(x-2\right)^2}\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x^2-2x-1}=0\)

1)Điều kiện: \(x + y > 0\)\((1) \Leftrightarrow (x + y)^2 - 2xy + \dfrac{2xy}{x + y} - 1 = 0 \\ \Leftrightarrow (x + y)^3 - 2xy(x + y) + 2xy -(x + y) = 0 \\ \Leftrightarrow (x+y)[(x+y)^2- 1]-2xy(x+y-1)=0 \\ \Leftrightarrow (x+y)(x+y+1)(x+y-1)-2xy(x+y-1)=0 \\ \Leftrightarrow (x + y - 1)[(x+y)(x + y + 1)-2xy] = 0 \\ \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{matrix}x + y = 1 \,\, (3) \\ x^2+y^2+x+y=0 \,\, (4) \end{matrix} \right.\)(4) vô nghiệm vì x + y > 0

Thế (3) vào (2) , giải được nghiệm của hệ :\((x =1 ; y = 0)\)và \((x = -2 ; y = 3)\)

\((1)\Leftrightarrow (x-2y)+(2x^3-4x^2y)+(xy^2-2y^3)=0\)\(\Leftrightarrow (x-2y)(1+2x^2+y^2)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=2y\)(vì \(1+2x^2+y^2>0, \forall x,y\))

Thay vào phương trình (2) giải dễ dàng.

Điều kiện:\(9y^2+(2y+3)(y-x)\geq 0;xy\geq 0;-1\leq x\leq 1\)

Từ phương trình thứ nhất có \(x\geq 0\Rightarrow y\geq 0\)

Xét \(\left\{\begin{matrix} x=0\\ y=0 \end{matrix}\right.\) thỏa mãn hệ

Xét x,y không đồng thời bằng 0, ta có

\(\sqrt{9y^2+(2y+3)(y-x)}-3x+4\sqrt{xy}-4x=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow \frac{9y^2+(2y+3)(y-x)-9x^2}{\sqrt{9y^2+(2y-3)(y-x)+3x}}+\frac{4(xy-x^2)}{\sqrt{xy}+x}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow (y-x)\left [ \frac{11y+9x+3}{\sqrt{11y^2+(2y-3)(y-x)+3x}}+\frac{4x}{\sqrt{xy}+x} \right ]=0\Leftrightarrow y=x\)

Tới đây thay vào phương trình (2) giải dễ dàng.

a: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)x+\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)y=\sqrt{3}\\2\sqrt{3}x-2y=3\sqrt{3}+1\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)^2\cdot x+\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)y=\sqrt{3}\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)\\2\sqrt{3}x-2y=3\sqrt{3}+1\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\left(4+2\sqrt{3}\right)+2y=3+\sqrt{3}\\2\sqrt{3}\cdot x-2y=3\sqrt{3}+1\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\left(4+2\sqrt{3}+2\sqrt{3}\right)=3+\sqrt{3}+3\sqrt{3}+1\\2\sqrt{3}\cdot x-2y=3\sqrt{3}+1\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\2y=2\sqrt{3}-3\sqrt{3}-1=-\sqrt{3}-1\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=\dfrac{-\sqrt{3}-1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

b: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\sqrt{3}+y\sqrt{2}=1\\x\sqrt{2}+y\sqrt{3}=\sqrt{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\sqrt{6}+2y=\sqrt{2}\\x\sqrt{6}+3y=3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2y-3y=\sqrt{2}-3\\x\sqrt{3}+y\sqrt{2}=1\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-y=\sqrt{2}-3\\x\sqrt{3}=1-y\sqrt{2}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=3-\sqrt{2}\\x\sqrt{3}=1-\sqrt{2}\left(3-\sqrt{2}\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=3-\sqrt{2}\\x\sqrt{3}=1-3\sqrt{2}+2=3-3\sqrt{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=3-\sqrt{2}\\x=\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{6}\end{matrix}\right.\)

c: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-1\right)\left(y-2\right)=\left(x+1\right)\left(y-3\right)\\\left(x-5\right)\left(y+4\right)=\left(x-4\right)\left(y+1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}xy-2y-y+2=xy-3x+y-3\\xy+4x-5y-20=xy+x-4y-4\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-2x-y+2=-3x+y-3\\4x-5y-20=x-4y-4\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-2x-y+3x-y=-3-2=-5\\4x-5y-x+4y=-4+20\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-2y=-5\\3x-y=16\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x-6y=-15\\3x-y=16\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-5y=-15-16=-31\\x-2y=-5\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\dfrac{31}{5}\\x=-5+2y=-5+\dfrac{62}{5}=\dfrac{37}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)

1) \(x^3-3x^2y-4x^2+4y^3+16xy=16y^2\Leftrightarrow x^3-3x^2y-4x^2+4y^3+16xy-16y^2=0\)

đưa về phương trình tích : \(\left(x-2y\right)^2\left(x+y-4\right)=0\) tới đây ok chưa

3)  ĐK : x \(\ge\)0 ; \(y\ge3\)\(\Rightarrow x+y>0\)

đặt \(\sqrt{x+y}=a;\sqrt{x+3}=b\)

\(\Rightarrow y-3=\left(x+y\right)-\left(x+3\right)=a^2-b^2\)

PT : \(\sqrt{x+y}+\sqrt{x+3}=\frac{1}{3}\left(y-3\right)\Leftrightarrow3\sqrt{x+y}+3\sqrt{x+3}=y-3\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(a+b\right)=a^2-b^2\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(3-a+b\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}a+b=0\\a-b=3\end{cases}}\)

Mà a + b = \(\sqrt{x+y}+\sqrt{x+3}>0\)nên loại

a - b  = 3 thì \(\sqrt{x+y}-\sqrt{x+3}=3\), ta có HPT : \(\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{x+y}-\sqrt{x+3}=3\\\sqrt{x+y}+\sqrt{x}=x+3\end{cases}}\)

\(\Rightarrow\)\(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{x+3}=x\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x+3}=x-\sqrt{x}\Leftrightarrow x^2-2x\sqrt{x}-3=0\Leftrightarrow x=\left(1+\sqrt[3]{2}\right)^2\)

từ đó tìm đc y

ai làm câu 2 đi. mỏi lắm rồi

\(y'=\dfrac{\left(x+\sqrt{x^2+1}\right)'}{2\sqrt{x+\sqrt{x^2+1}}}=\dfrac{1+\dfrac{x}{\sqrt{x^2+1}}}{2\sqrt{x+\sqrt{x^2+1}}}=\dfrac{x+\sqrt{x^2+1}}{2\sqrt{x^2+1}.\sqrt{x+\sqrt{x^2+1}}}\)

\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{x+\sqrt{x^2+1}}}{2\sqrt{x^2+1}}\)